if the teeth on either side of it are in good shape with no crowns, you can get a Maryland bridge.
you need to get the cavitations done (see below)
do not get an implant (see below)
if they cannot do a Maryland bridge, get a Targis bridge. i cannot tell whether you have two root-canaled teeth or one. if it is two, you will need a targis (non-metal) bridge. you could get porcelain over gold, but porcelain is more shiney than real teeth and the targis looks more dull like real teeth.
you need to have any root-canaled teeth you have, pulled. when you get it pulled, you can wear a temporary partil for 3 months, then get a permament partial or a permanent bridge.
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Maryland Bridge:
Enables missing teeth to be splinted or replaced esthetically, with an absolute minimum of supragingival tooth modification.
Adhesive cementation of the alloy to the tooth structure allows the casting to be supported by abutment teeth.
Has been used successfully for over 20 years for both anterior and posterior prostheses.
Does not extend into labial or buccal surfaces, and pontic can be custom stained, assuring excellent esthetics.
Minimum 1.0 mm clearance from opposing dentition (upper anteriors) required.
For many years, dentists had to reduce healthy teeth as abutments for fixed bridges. Now, with the Maryland Bridge, an ultra-conservative treatment option is available that enables the dental practitioner to splint or replace missing teeth esthetically, with an absolute minimum of supragingival tooth modification. Combining a microfilled-composite resin cemented to acid etched enamel and an electolytically acid etched or silicoated cast metal framework, the Maryland Bridge improves the bond strength of the restoration three-fold over earlier perforated resin-bonded retainers.
Current second-generation designs and tooth preparations, coupled with improvements in cementing resins which rely on adhesive rather than an etched metal system, have provided even more exciting and reliable restoration possibilities. Adhesive cementation of the alloy to the tooth structure allows the casting to be supported by abutment teeth. Bonding also prevents displacement back along the path of insertion. Because displacement of the casting in all directions other than along the path of insertion is prevented by alloy engaging tooth structure, the framework design limits the stresses placed on the luting agent and bond, dramatically increasing the longevity of the restoration.
Ultra Conservative Preparation
With the Maryland Bridge, fixed partial dentures, periodontal splints and a variety of other conservative restorations can be placed with a minimum of tooth modification. Abutment teeth are basically left intact - one unit is not weakened in the process of replacing another. Modifications are restricted to rest preparations and recontouring of the enamel is only required in severely undercut cases. All tooth preparations are supragingival, making modifications kinder to the periodontal tissues and impressions easier to obtain. By avoiding preparations involving dentin, sensitivity is virtually eliminated either from the preparation or subsequent cementation procedure. Most importantly, as the Maryland Bridge requires little or no removal of tooth structure, the treatment is often reversible.
Superb Esthetic Result
Labial metal collars create difficult esthetic problems when the patient has a high lip or smile line, a problem that is compounded where the gingival tissues are thin and fragile. Crowns with subgingival margins are only a temporary solution as the gingival tissues will recede over time leaving the margin visible. Since the Maryland Bridge does not extend into the labial or buccal surfaces, and the pontic can be custom stained, excellent esthetics are assured.
Proven Effective
The Maryland Bridge has been used successfully for over 20 years for both anterior and posterior prostheses. The quality and design enhancements of the current cast resin-bonded bridge has been proven successful both as a transitional and/or permanent prosthesis, particularly where there is a reluctance to perform extensive reduction on a sound tooth.
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Revolutionary Targis™ System.. the breakthrough posterior crown and bridge restorative system that offers you the strength of a PFM, exceptional esthetics, wear- compatibility and precise fit.. without metal!
The Targis™ System, with its exclusive highly filled Targis™ Ceromer (ceramic optimized polymer) composition, along with Vectris™, a fiber reinforcing composite framework, can be used with confidence for metal-free posterior bridges, crowns, inlays and onlays.
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CAVITATIONS
A cavitation is an unhealed hole in the jawbone caused by an extracted tooth [or a root canal or injury to a tooth]. Since wisdom teeth are the most commonly extracted teeth, most cavitations are found in the wisdom tooth sites. Please see the graphic and photo below to get a glimpse of what may be in your mouth and the effects it is having. The photo and diagram demonstrate the destructive and pathologic consequence of a routine tooth extraction. Dentists are taught in dental school that once they pull a tooth, the patient's body heals the resulting hole in the jawbone. However, approximately 95% of all tooth extractions result in a pathologic defect called a cavitation. The tooth is attached to the jawbone by a periodontal ligament which is comprised of "jillions" of microscopic fibers. One end of each fiber is attached to the jawbone and the other end of the fiber is attached to the tooth root. When a tooth is extracted, the fibers break midway between the root and the bone. This leaves the socket (the area where the root was anchored in the bone) coated with periodontal ligament fibers.
There are specialized cells in the bone called osteoblasts. Osteoblasts make new bone. The word "osteoblast" means bone former. They are active during growth and maintenance. However, the periodontal ligament prevents the osteoblasts from filling in the tooth socket with bone since the periodontal ligament fibers lining the socket act as a barrier beyond which the osteoblasts cannot form bone. In other words, an osteoblast "sees" a tooth when it "sees" periodontal ligament fibers. Since there are billions of bacteria in the mouth, they easily get into the open tooth socket. Since the bone is unable to fill in the defect of the socket, the newly formed "cavitation" is now infected. Since there is no blood supply to the "cavitation" it is called "ischemic" or "avascular" (without a blood supply). This results in necrosis (tissue death). Hence we call a cavitation an unhealed, chronically infected, avascular, necrotic hole in the bone. The defect acts to an acupuncture meridian the same way a dead tooth (or root canal tooth) acts. It causes an interference field on the meridian which can impair the function and health of other tissues, organs and structures on the meridian. Significantly, the bacteria in the cavitation also produce the same deadly toxins that are produced by the bacteria in root canals (see Root Canals). These toxins are thio-ethers (most toxic organic substance known to man), thio-ethanols, and mercaptans. They have been found in the tumors in women with breast cancer.
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Implants:
A titanium dental implant is usually made out of an alloy of this metal along with several other metals blended together. The most common alloy used has a ratio of 90 parts titanium, 6 parts aluminum and 4 parts vanadium
titanium implants are putting metal and a high milliamperage close to the brain. i have seen a woman who measured nearly 400 milliamps positive charge, and 30 neg charge who had three in her mouth; she paid $9,000 for them. the dr said she could have ran a stereo off her teeth. we removed them. our body runs on electrical impulses, so this can disrupt them (and brain waves). also, dentists and drs will tell you that bone grows to titanium implants. well, it will grow around it. but, it is a foreign object and the body will build up antibodies to it. over time, it will pull away from the bone and can become loose. if you will notice, they say implants last about 15 years or so. they are working on an implant made of diamond, supposed to be available in 5 yrs. but, it will still be a foreign object and pull away from the bone.
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Risks of Removable Appliance / Denture Bone loss Periodontal problems (irritation of gum tissue) Wear and tear on natural teeth Possible speech problems Will need adjustments regularly Comfort tends to be an issue. Block Bone Graft of my bone from Chin, Jawbone, or Hip (High Risk) Chin This procedure requires cutting through the inside of the bottom lip (he cannot cut along my gum line) and removing the bone from your chin. I do not have enough tissue in my gum area to cover the surgical site. Tissue may be used from underneath the tongue to create the flap. The surgical site needs to be covered for at least four months. There will be a scar in front of my lower teeth and this should not bother me. If you lose sensation because of nerve damage, your muscle tone you should not be affected. You will have 1-2" along the inside of my lower jaw and chin. The area may tingle and burn, but apparently You can get used to this? Also, the surgical sites may open up and need to be addressed with antibiotics, drainage, etc. This block of bone would be held in place with small titanium screws. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for these grafts to heal and integrate into your jawbone and the surgical sites will be kept covered with my tissue Place 2 more implants and have all 3 implants functioning separately. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for the implants to integrate into my jawbone. Crown all 3 implants separately. Keep yourself strong and healthy and hope that it works for a very long time. Have frequent cleanings (every 3 months). I have decided to not use bone from my face or hip. I will attempt either cadaver or artificial bone grafting.
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2.7.6. Titanium
It is generally accepted that pure titanium is extremely well tolerated by local tissues and induces neither toxic nor inflammatory reactions (Branemark et al. 1969, Toth et al. 1985, Linder et al. 1988, Pfeiffer et al. 1994). The normal tissue concentration of titanium in humans is 0.2 ppm. Around the titanium implants no clinical tissue toxicity has been observed even at local concentrations higher than 2000 ppm (Hildebrand et al. 1998). In optimal situations, titanium is able to osseointegrate with bone, thus forming a direct contact with bone at the light microscopy level (Branemark et al. 1969). The good bone contact may be due to the ability of titanium to form a Ca-P rich layer on its surface (Hanawa 1991). Titanium is bacteriostatic (Elagli et al. 1992) and does not significantly activate or inhibit different enzyme systems specific to toxic reactions, e.g. β - glucuronidase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase (Elagli et al. 1995). The good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance are due to the naturally forming stable titanium oxide (TiO2) film on titanium surfaces (Zitter et al. 1987, Kasemo et al. 1991).
Particles from titanium arise from the passivation layer of the implant, but they are not titanium ions, but mostly insoluble titanium oxides or suboxides, which are recognized to be biologically inert. Indeed, the passivation layer is immediately reformed after abrasion because of the high oxidizability of titanium. This behavior protects the alloy and prevents the formation of chemical compounds other than oxides (Hildebrand et al. 1998). Tissue discoloration due to titanium oxide particles is sometimes seen around pure titanium implants, but this seems to have no clinical consequences (Onodera et al. 1993, Rosenberg et al. 1993). Experiments with laboratory animals and some limited analyses of human tissues have also revealed evidence of titanium release into distant tissues (Schliephake et al. 1993, Jorgenson et al. 1997).
Wear particles produced by abrasion appear especially in the vicinity of articular prostheses and implants with certain mobility, e.g. uncemented total hip replacements. These particles may induce multiple tissue reactions, including osteolysis, degradation of normal bone structure, severe macrophagic reactions, granuloma, fibrotic capsules and chronic inflammation, which may cause destabilization and loosening of prostheses and implants (Santavirta et al. 1991, Santavirta et al. 1993, Rubash et al. 1998). Particle size and composition are of essential importance in that process. Deleterious reactions have been reported with Ti-6Al-4V based prostheses (Nasser et al. 1990, Rubash et al. 1998), but not with pure titanium implants.
In vitro, pure titanium particles have also been shown to have some effects on cells. Low concentrations may stimulate fibroblast proliferation, while high concentrations may be toxic. At high particle concentrations, titanium caused a decrease in proteolytic and collagenolytic activity in the culture medium. Titanium also elevated the lysosomal enzyme marker, hexosaminidase, except at high concentrations (Maloney et al. 1993).
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 May ;87:628-31 15855362
Metal ion levels after metal-on-metal proximal femoral replacements: a 30-year follow-up.
[My paper] E Dunstan , A P Sanghrajka , S Tilley , P Unwin , G Blunn , S R Cannon , T W R Briggs
Metal-on-metal hip bearings are being implanted into younger patients. The consequence of elevated levels of potentially carcinogenic metal ions is therefore a cause for concern. We have determined the levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti) and vanadium (Va) in the urine and whole blood of patients who had had metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene articulations in situ for more than 30 years. We compared these with each other and with the levels for a control group of subjects.We found significantly elevated levels of whole blood Ti, Va and urinary Cr in all arthroplasty groups. The whole blood and urine levels of Co were grossly elevated, by a factor of 50 and 300 times respectively in patients with loose metal-on-metal articulations when compared with the control group. Stable metal-on-metal articulations showed much lower levels. Elevated levels of whole blood or urinary Co may be useful in identifying metal-on-metal articulations which are loose.
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Zirconium dioxide implants are supposed to be the wave of the future. They are still putting a foreign body into the jaw and the immune system will launch an immune response, so they will still loosen over time (15 to 20 years) from that. Granted, it appears to be better than titanium and they are saying it is a substitute for metal implants, but with the immune response, it isn't worth it to me.
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Properties
The German chemist M. H. Klaproth discovered zirconium dioxide in 1789 although this "miracle material" with its outstanding properties has only been re-discovered in the last few decades. For instance, various types of zirconium dioxide have been introduced to dentistry as a substitute for metal. This material is attractive because of its extraordinary properties such as high flexural strength (in excess of 1,000 MPa), hardness (1,200 – 1,400 Vickers) and Weibull modulus (10-12). Yttrium partially stabilises zirconium oxide to provide these positive properties. Adding aluminium oxide boosts the flexural strength of the zirconium dioxide alloy once again. Zirconium dioxide is used for manufacturing kitchen knives, industrial cutting tools and components under great thermomechanic stress in the automobile and aircraft industry. However, it is not only very strong, it is also biocompatible so that zirconium dioxide is also used in medicine (hearing devices and artificial fingers and hips) and dentistry (pins, crowns, bridges and implants). The fact that zirconium dioxide has the same colour as teeth along with its biotechnical characteristics mean it is used for manufacturing biocompatible, high-quality and aesthetic tooth and implant reconstructions. There have only been animal experiments and laboratory examinations on applying dental zirconium oxide implants to date, meaning no long-term data exists on the clinical application of these implants.
Manufacturing Zirconium Dioxide
The mineral zirconium (ZrSiO4) is the main raw material for zirconium dioxide while melting it with coke and lime (reducing the SiO2) produces ZrO2 for industrial uses. Since extremely pure constituents have to be used for producing high-performance ceramics, special ways to synthesise it have been developed for high-purity ZrO2. This includes production with reactions in molten salts, reactions in the gaseous phase, hydrothermal powder synthesis and the sol-gel process. Gaseous phase and sol-gel process production provides powder at very small particle sizes ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 µm. This powder is then mixed with additives to create what are known as green bodies with film casting, slip casting or drying pressing. We distinguish additives such as sintering additives (that have a specific effect on the sintering behaviour and the properties of finished ceramics) and auxiliary materials that facilitate shaping. While the sintering additives stay in the ceramics, all residues of the auxiliary materials (mostly slightly volatile organic compounds along with water) are removed from the moulded component before the sintering process. The green body is passed into the raw product by sintering and ground or polished depending upon use. The sintering process can be carried out at atmospheric pressure and under high pressure and it is only with the sintering process that the moulded components receive their actual properties. The ceramic powder particles are compressed by lowering the specific surface with temperature-dependant diffusion processes with alternating components of surface, particle size grading and volume diffusion. If solid body diffusion is too slow, sintering can also be carried out with a liquid phase or under pressure, the latter being called hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing (the HIP process). The velocity of solid body diffusion can be boosted with the right selection of sintering additives. A great deal of research needs to be done here since the high sintering temperatures (in excess of 1,200° C) and manufacturing under pressure causes production costs for ceramic components to shoot up. Along with providing systematic clarification of the impact that additives have on the sintering process, there are also attempts to enhance power transmission onto ceramic components by coupling in microwaves for lowering sintering temperatures.
ZrO2 Ceramics
The properties of ZrO2 ceramics substantially pivot on the chemical composition of the material and the manufacturing process. We distinguish fully stabilised ZrO2 (FSZ „fully stabilized zirconia“) and partially stabilised ZrO2 (PSZ „partially stabilized zirconia“). It can be partially stabilised by adding 3-6% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 and depending upon the conditions of manufacturing this stabilises the cubic, tetragonal or monocline modification. Partially stabilised ZrO2 demonstrates high thermal fatigue resistance, meaning it fills the bill for use as high-temperature mechanoceramics. Adding 10-15% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 also allows cubic modification of the zirconium dioxide from absolute zero to the solidus (FSZ) and the ceramic material is thermally and mechanically stable to a temperature of 2,600°. However, its low caloric conductivity and higher thermal expansion factor as compared with partially stabilised ZrO2 mean that the thermal fatigue resistance of the fully stabilised zirconium dioxide is lower. The zirconium dioxide that is suited to use as an implant has the following composition: 95% ZrO2 + 5% Y2O3.
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Root canals:
There is no way to disinfect a root canal. No matter how clean the area is or how free of bacteria, there are always bacteria in the tubules and they will grow. And, the more antibiotics taken or applied, the more antibiotic resistant, and stronger, they will become.
Root canals are the most toxic most damaging procedure dentists can do. You have two options: a root canal or an extraction. Dentists usually fill root canals with gutta percha. Some use the Sargenti method, a popular treatment used by 25% of dentists, but denounced by the American Dental Association because it contains formaldehyde compounds. There have been a lot of problems with those. They used to contain lead. The current formulas are said to have removed the lead, but millions of root canal treatments using the old formulas are still in people's mouths. Gutta percha is 15% barium so that it will show up in the X-ray. Gutta percha shrinks and leaves gaps and the tooth can never be sterile. There is no such thing as a sterile root canal. During a root canal, the main canal is filled and possibly some of the small side canals, but the other smaller canal-like structures in teeth called dentinal tubules are too tiny to be filled during treatment and these tubules become home to bacteria instead. Since there are millions of these tubules there is room for enough bacteria to challenge the immune system. The waste products from these nasty germs include some very toxic substances called thio-ethers, and your body has to deal with these toxins 24 hours a day. They contaminate the bone around the tooth and they are picked up by the immune system and carried to the liver for detoxification. Unfortunately, the liver can be seriously damaged by them. Weston Price conducted research on root canals and wrote two books about how toxic they can be. So you have to make up your mind what is more important to you. I believe no tooth is worth destroying my immune system. by Jerome, Frank, D.D.S. (812) 376-8525, Columbus Indiana, Author of "Tooth Truth"
ROOT CANALS POSE HEALTH THREAT AN INTERVIEW WITH GEORGE MEINIG, D.D.S.
Dr. Joseph Mercola
1443 W. Schaumburg Rd.
Schaumburg, IL 60194-4065
phone 847-985-1777
MJ You're assuming that ALL root-filled teeth harbor bacteria and/or other infective agents?
GM Yes. No matter what material or technique is used - and this is just as true today - the root filling shrinks minutely, perhaps microscopically. Further and this is key - the bulk of solid appearing teeth, called the dentin, actually consists of miles of tiny tubules. Microscopic organisms lurking in the maze of tubules simply migrate into the interior of the tooth and set up housekeeping. A filled root seems to be a favorite spot to start a new colony.
One of the things that makes this difficult to understand is that large, relatively harmless bacteria common to the mouth, change and adapt to new conditions. They shrink in size to fit the cramped quarters and even learn how to exist (and thrive!) on very little food. Those that need oxygen mutate and become able to get along without it. In the process of adaptation these formerly friendly "normal" organisms become pathogenic (capable of producing disease) and more virulent (stronger) and they produce much more potent toxins.
Today's bacteriologists are confirming the discoveries of the Price team of bacteriologists. Both isolated in root canals the same strains of streptococcus, staphylococcus and spirochetes.
MJ Is everyone who has ever had a root canal filled made ill by it?
GM No. We believe now that every root canal filling does leak and bacteria do invade the structure. But the variable factor is the strength of the person's immune system. Some healthy people are able to control the germs that escape from their teeth into other areas of the body. We think this happens because their immune system lymphocytes (white blood cells) and other disease fighters aren't constantly compromised by other ailments. In other words, they are able to prevent those new colonies from taking hold in other tissues throughout the body. But over time, most people with root filled teeth do seem to develop some kinds of systemic symptoms they didn't have before.
MJ It's really difficult to grasp that bacteria are imbedded deep in the structure of seemingly-hard, solid looking teeth.
GM I know. Physicians and dentists have that same problem, too. You really have to visualize the tooth structure - all of those microscopic tubules running through the dentin. In a healthy tooth, those tubules transport a fluid that carries nourishment to the inside. For perspective, if the tubules of a front single-root tooth, were stretched out on the ground they'd stretch for three miles!
A root filled tooth no longer has any fluid circulating through it, but the maze of tubules remains. The anaerobic bacteria that live there seem remarkably safe from antibiotics. The bacteria can migrate out into surrounding tissue where they can "hitch hike" to other locations in the body via the bloodstream. The new location can be any organ or gland or tissue, and the new colony will be the next focus of infection in a body plagued by recurrent or chronic infections.
All of the "building up" done to try to enhance the patient's ability to fight infections - to strengthen their immune system - is only a holding action. Many patients won't be well until the source of infection - the root canal tooth - is removed.
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Dr Hal Huggins, D.D.S. in a lecture to the Cancer Control Society 1993:
Then we get into the root canal business, and that is the most tragic of all.
Isn't there something you can put in the centre of the canal that is safe?
Yeah, there probably is, but that is not where the problem is. The problem with a root canal is that it is dead. Lets equate that. Lets say you have got a ruptured appendix, so you go to the phone book, and who do you look up? Lets see, we have a surgeon and a taxidermist, who do you call? You going to get it bronzed?
That is all we do to a dead tooth. We put a gold crown on it, looks like it has been bronzed. It doesn't really matter what you embalm the dead tooth with, it is still dead, and within that dead tooth we have bacteria, and these bacteria are in the absence of oxygen. In the absence of oxygen most things die except bacteria. They undergo something called a pleomorphic change...like a mutation. they learn to live in the absence of oxygen…now produce thioethers, some of the strongest poisons on the planet that are not radioactive.
These get out into the body and you may notice in the medical literature of 1900 they mentioned a few heart attacks, so it wasn’t a big deal in 1900, but by 1910 2% of the US population, which is a lot of folks had had heart attacks. By 1920---10% of the population had had heart attacks, and we are up to about 25% about 10 years ago, and everywhere you go you see joggers running around. Menus in the restaurant have this little heart over it because we are on low cholesterol diets …….so what has it done. It has dropped the 25% down to around 43% . We are going in the wrong direction and root canals are going up. In 1990 we did 17 million of them. This last year we did 23 million, and the ADA hopes by the year 2000 we reach 30 million a year.
Weston Price knew this back in 1920 - he would take a person who had had a heart attack, take out the tooth with the root canal, take a little segment of it, put it under the skin of a rabbit.
We have done this with guinea pigs, and in about 10 days that rabbit would die of a heart attack. And you could take it out and put it under the skin of another rabbit, and in 10 days he would die of a heart attack……he would do this to 30 rabbits and every one of them in 97% of the cases would die of heart disease. What if they didn’t have heart disease? If they had something else, the rabbit picks up the something else, but all of them that we have tested in this way have ended up with an auto immune disease in the kidney, and if you look at the work of Joseph Issels in Germany who for 40 years treated terminal cancer cases. He started on them when they had already had their chemo, surgery, radiation, then they came to him. That is having 3 strikes against you and a fast ball down the tube there before you get up to the plate. He turned around 24% of 16,000 patients over a period of 40 years. What is the first thing he did? Have a dentist take out the root canal teeth.
...I have this shirt tail relative down there [Texas] about 24 years old, and she has brain cancer, so what do they do? They take out half her brain. Then it comes back so they take out the other half of her brain. Then it comes back a third time, and there is not much left to take out. Now they probably didn’t take out half, I may have stretched the point there a bit, but she was still fully functional, but it was right smack full in the middle of the brain. Three tumors growing, three root canals, and she is pregnant, and it is hard to overcome the stress to the body that pregnancy does, much less trying to overcome cancer, much less trying to overcome the root canals.
So we took out those 3 root canals when she had 3-6 months to live. And that was 6 years ago, and she is still alive today, and MRI can't find the tumor anymore. It went away.
So there are a lot of things, and this is just a tip of this giant chunk of ice under the water that has been making us think we are normal when we have all of these things going on in our body that we caught at the dental office-..it is time you were informed.